The gene contains three different splice variants: cytosolic (c-GPX4), mitochondrial (m-GPX4), and nuclear (n-GPX4) [8]
[DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 218.Mukherjee M., Larrimore K.E., Ahmed N.J., Bedick T.S., Barghouthi N.T., Traw M.B., Barth C
As a result, defenses against ROS are activated 14 by an array of nonenzymatic antioxidants [metabolites such as ascorbate (AsA), carotenoids, glutathione (GSH) and proline] and antioxidant enzymes [such as guaiacol peroxidases (GPOX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and AsA-GSH cycle enzymes like glutathione reductase (GR) ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR)], work together for detoxification of ROS 7,8,15,16,17,18,19,20
When combined with topical serums or PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma), it can be highly effective for treating dark spots , uneven tone , and hyperpigmentation